This Moisture Metaphenome Incubation readme.txt file was generated on 2025-11-18 by Bill Nelson GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Title of Dataset: Moisture Metaphenome Incubation Analysis Results 2. Principal Researcher: Name: Kirsten Hofmockel Institution: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Email: kirsten.hofmockel@pnnl.gov ORCID: 0000-0003-1586-2167 3. Associate or Co-investigator Contact Information Name: Mary Lipton Institution: PNNL Email: mary.lipton@pnnl.gov ORCID: 0000-0001-7749-0077 Alternate Contact Information Name: Bill Nelson Institution: PNNL Email: william.nelson@pnnl ORCID: 0000-0002-1873-3929 4. Information about funding sources supporting the data: This program is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, through the Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, under FWP 70880. A portion of this work was performed in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. 5. Geographic location of data collection: 46°15'04"N, 119°43'43"W, Prosser, WA, USA 6. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2020-08-04 through 2020-08-27, and 2020-10-01. DATA & FILE OVERVIEW 1. File List: extracellular_GCMS_metabolomics_3timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for GCMS analysis of extracellular (water wash) metabolite extractions of samples D9W0, D9W90, and D15W90 fractionated_peptide_withProteinMapping_4timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for fractionated peptide analysis of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 fractionated_proteomics_4timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for fractionated protein analysis of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 global_peptide_withProteinMapping_4timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for global peptide analysis of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 global_proteomics_4tp_statistics - PMART output file for global protein analysis of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 metaT_4TimePoint_stats.tsv - PMART output for metatranscriptomics analysis of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 README - datasets README (this file) sample_metadata - metadata file describing each sample and what data types were generated from them soil_chemistry - Soil chemistry data for each sample total_GCMS_metabolomics_4tp_statistics - PMART output file for GCMS analysis of total metabolite extractions of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 total_HILIC_LCMS_NEG_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for HILIC LCMS analysis of negative ionization of total metabolite extractions of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 total_HILIC_LCMS_POS_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for HILIC LCMS analysis of posative ionization of total metabolite extractions of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 total_RP_LCMS_NEG_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for reversed phase LCMS analysis of negative ionization of total metabolite extractions of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 total_RP_LCMS_POS_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics - PMART output file for reversed phase LCMS analysis of posative ionization of total metabolite extractions of samples T0, D9, D9W90, and D15W90 DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: extracellular_GCMS_metabolomics_3timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 16 2. Number of cases/rows: 189 including header row 3. Variable List: Metabolite- identified metabolite Count_D9W0 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_D9W90 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_D15W90 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_D9W0 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_D9W90 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_D15W90 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_D9W90_vs_D9W0 - log2 of the ratio of D9W90 mean abundance to D9W0 mean abundance. Log2FC_D15W90_vs_D9W0 - log2 of the ratio of D15W90 mean abundance to D9W0 mean abundance. Log2FC_D15W90_vs_D9W90 - log2 of the ratio of D15W90 mean abundance to D9W90 mean abundance. P_value_A_D9W90_vs_D9W0 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_D15W90_vs_D9W0 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_D15W90_vs_D9W90 - probability score for the fold-change analysis Flag_A_D9W90_vs_D9W0 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_D15W90_vs_D9W0 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_D15W90_vs_D9W90 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] 4. Missing data codes: NA indicates a value either was not or could not be calculated DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: fractionated_peptide_withProteinMapping_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 40 2. Number of cases/rows: 160856 including header row 3. Variable List: Peptide - the peptide sequence ProteinAccession - accession for the protein from the reference set to which the peptide was mapped Count_Initial - the number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - the number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - the number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - the number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Fold_change_Initial_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundance values P_value_A_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_G_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the presence/absence analysis Flag_A_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] 4. Missing data codes: NA indicates value was not collected or couldn't be calculated DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: fractionated_proteomics_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 39 2. Number of cases/rows: 115719 including header row 3. Variable List: ProteinAccession - accession for the first hit protein from the reference set to which the peptide was mapped Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Fold_change_Initial_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances P_value_A_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_G_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the presence/absence analysis Flag_A_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: global_peptide_withProteinMapping_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 40 2. Number of cases/rows: 18177 including header row 3. Variable List: Peptide - the peptide sequence ProteinAccession - accession for the protein from the reference set to which the peptide was mapped Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Fold_change_Initial_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances P_value_A_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_G_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the presence/absence analysis Flag_A_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial  - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: global_proteomics_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 39 2. Number of cases/rows: 2055 including header row 3. Variable List: ProteinAccession - accession for the first hit protein from the reference set to which the peptide was mapped Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Fold_change_Dry_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of the mean abundances P_value_A_Dry_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_G_Dry_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the presence/absence analysis P_value_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the presence/absence analysis Flag_A_Dry_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Dry_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_G_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: metatranscriptomics_4timepoint_statistics.tsv 1. Number of variables: 27 2. Number of cases/rows: 1446533 including header row 3. Variable List: gene_id - gene accession NonZero_Count_Rewet1 - number of replicates with a nonzero count NonZero_Count_Rewet2 - number of replicates with a nonzero count NonZero_Count_Initial - number of replicates with a nonzero count NonZero_Count_Dry - number of replicates with a nonzero count Mean_Rewet1 - mean read count mapped to gene Mean_Rewet2 - mean read count mapped to gene Mean_Initial - mean read count mapped to gene Mean_Dry - mean read count mapped to gene Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - ratio of mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Initial - ratio of mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet1_vs_Dry - ratio of mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Initial - ratio of mean abundance values Fold_change_Rewet2_vs_Dry - ratio of mean abundance values Fold_change_Initial_vs_Dry - ratio of mean abundance values P_value_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet1_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis Flag_Rewet1_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet1_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] 4. Missing data codes: NA indicates a value either was not or could not be calculated DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: sample_metadata.txt 1. Number of variables: 17 2. Number of cases/rows: 43 including header row 3. Variable List: catalog_id – sample catalog identifier UUID – unique ID time_point – code for experimental timepoint sample represents; valid values F, T0, T5, T6, D0, D9, D9sterile, D9W0, D9W10, D9W30, D9W90, D15W90 handle – descriptor used to refer to time points analyzed in manuscript replicate – biological replicate index days_under_drought – number of days soil was exposed to drought minutes_post_rewet – number of minutes after re-introduction of moisture harvest_date – date of sampling sample_name – descriptor of sample soil_chemistry – ‘x’ indicates soil chemistry analysis was performed on this sample metatranscriptomics – ‘x’ indicates metatranscriptome analysis was performed on this sample global_proteomics – ‘x’ indicates global proteomics analysis was performed on this sample fractionated_proteomics – ‘x’ indicates fractionated proteomics analysis was performed on this sample RP_LCMS – ‘x’ indicates reversed phase LC-MS metabolomics analysis was performed on this sample HILIC_LCMS – ‘x’ indicates HILIC LC-MS metabolomics analysis was performed on this sample total_GCMS – ‘x’ indicates total metabolite GC-MS metabolomics analysis was performed on this sample extracellular_GCMS – ‘x’ indicates extracellular (water wash) GC-MS metabolomics analysis was performed on this sample RTMS – ‘x’ indicates real-time mass spectrometry respiration analysis was performed on this sample metagenome – ‘x’ indicates metagenomic analysis was performed on this sample (See Wu, et al., MBio 2021; 12: e0259521.) 4. Missing data codes: NA indicates either no applicable data for that field or that the data type was not collected for that sample. DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: soil_chemistry.txt 1. Number of variables: 9 2. Number of cases/rows: 43 including header row 3. Variable List: catalog_id – sample catalog identifier estimated_g_dry_wt_soil – amount of soil used for measurement in grams of dry soil equivalents soil_FW_g – amount of soil used as measured GWC – gravimetric water content SEOC_ug_gdw - salt-extractable organic carbon in micrograms per gram dry weight of soil MBC_ug_gdw – microbial biomass carbon in micrograms per gram dry weight of soil SETN_ug_gdw - salt-extractable total nitrogen in micrograms per gram dry weight of soil MBN_ug_gdw – microbial biomass nitrogen in micrograms per gram dry weight of soil MBC_MBN – weight/weight ratio of microbial biomass carbon to microbial biomass nitrogen DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: total_GCMS_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 27 2. Number of cases/rows: 349 including header row 3. Variable List: Metabolite - identified metabolite Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Dry_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Rewet1_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Rewet2_vs_Initial - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Rewet2_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values P_value_A_Dry_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_A_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis Flag_A_Dry_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet1_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Initial - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_A_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] 4. Missing data codes: NA indicates a value either was not or could not be calculated DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: total_HILIC_LCMS_NEG_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 27 2. Number of cases/rows: 3415 including header row 3. Variable List: Metabolite - identified metabolite Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values P_value_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis Flag_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: total_HILIC_LCMS_POS_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 27 2. Number of cases/rows: 2263 including header row 3. Variable List: Metabolite - identified metabolite Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Dry - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values Log2FC_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the ratio of mean abundance values P_value_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis Flag_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: total_RP_LCMS_NEG_metabolomics_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 28 2. Number of cases/rows: 1629 including header row 3. Variable List: Identity - identified metabolite Comments - comment on identification MS_MS.Verified - verification status of identification Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value P_value_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis Flag_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: total_RP_LCMS_POS_4timepoint_statistics 1. Number of variables: 28 2. Number of cases/rows: 2322 including header row 3. Variable List: Identity - identified metabolite Comments - comment on identification MS_MS.Verified - verification status of identification Count_Initial - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Dry - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet1 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Count_Rewet2 - number of replicate samples with a non-zero count Mean_Initial - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Mean_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Dry - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - log2 of the mean abundance value Log2FC_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - log2 of the mean abundance value P_value_Initial_vs_Dry - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - probability score for the fold-change analysis P_value_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - probability score for the fold-change analysis Flag_Initial_vs_Dry - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Initial_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Dry_vs_Rewet2 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] Flag_Rewet2_vs_Rewet1 - valid values [-1, 0, 1, NA] indicating significant increase [1], significant decrease [-1], no significant change [0] or not determined [NA] METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION Brackets {} contain the DOI of cited papers. Complete description of methods for collection, processing and analysis of this data can be found in the following publication: 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Soil water holding capacity (WHC) was determined as previously described {10.2136/sssaj2003.7980}. Briefly, 5g of soil was saturated with water in a filter funnel and allowed to drain for 2 hours at room temperature. The wet soil was weighed, dried at 60℃ for 24 hours, and weighed again. Soil samples were extracted for microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and salt-extractable organic carbon and nitrogen following a modified sequential rapid chloroform fumigation extraction {10.1007/s003740050030;10.1016/0038-0717(87)90052-6}. Briefly, 8 g soil (wet wt) was suspended in 24 mL of 0.5M K2SO4 and shaken horizontally at 200 rpm on an orbital shaker for 2 hours at 20°C. Samples were centrifuged at 4000 x g for 20 minutes. Supernatants were filtered through pre-leached Whatman #42 filters, resulting in the final salt extraction samples. Biomass in the soil pellets was lysed by adding 2 mL of chloroform and incubating overnight. Chloroform was removed by evaporation, and soil pellets were extracted a second time to obtain the microbial biomass extraction samples. All extractions were acidified with phosphoric acid and stored at -20°C until TOC/TN analysis. Extractions were diluted in acidified water and analyzed on a combustion catalytic oxidation TOC/N machine (vario TOC Cube, Elementar, Germany). RNA was extracted from soil samples for metatranscriptomics using the Qiagen Power Soil Kit following manufacturer protocols. Extracted RNA was treated with DNase (TURBO DNA-free, Invitrogen), according to manufacturer instructions, and quantified using the Qubit RNA High Sensitivity assay (Invitrogen). Sequencing was performed at the Joint Genome Institute through FICUS user proposal 505603 on an Illumina NovaSeq S4 using the Low Input protocol, which generated 186,762,080 reads. BBDuk (version 38.92) {https://sourceforge.net/projects/bbmap} was used to trim reads of adapter sequence and homopolymers, and right-quality-trim reads where quality=0. Reads containing 'N' bases, having an average quality score <10 or length ≤ 51 bp were removed using BBDuk. Reads were screened with BBMap {https://sourceforge.net/projects/bbmap} for common contaminants and ribosomal RNA. The final filtered fastq contained 165,164,532 reads totaling 24,618,094,573 bp. Reads passing quality checks were aligned with bwa-mem {10.48550/arXiv.1303.3997} against a database of genes predicted from a large metagenome assembly derived from the Prosser field site {10.1128/MRA.00718-20;10.25584/WATmG2/1770324}. HTSeq-count {10.1093/bioinformatics/btac166} was used to determine read-per-gene counts. Counts were normalized, and differential expression was determined using the pmartR package {10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00610} in R which implemented the edgeR {10.1093/nar/gkaf018} zero-inflated negative binomial model and Benjamini-Hochberg multiple test correction, with significant differential abundance defined as having a greater than 2-fold change in abundance and an adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05. For some analyses, counts were summarized by the assigned KEGG reaction identifier {10.1093/nar/gkac963}. For lipidome, proteome, and total metabolome analyses, soil samples were extracted via MPLEx {10.1007/978-1-0716-0211-9_14} with minor modifications. For extracellular metabolome analysis, a rapid extraction method was used to maximize the likelihood that the metabolite profiles generated reflected the desiccated state. Briefly, 15 mL of milliQ water was added to 15 g of soil and shaken for 10 seconds. The sample was vacuum filtered through a pre-rinsed 0.2 µm filter for 15 sec to separate soil and microbes from the water. Soil and filtrate were both flash frozen using liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C until further processing and analyses. Metabolites were extracted from both the methanol and chloroform layers and either derivatized and analyzed by GC-MS or directly applied for LC-MS spectrometry. Gas chromatography-MS (GC-MS). Samples were derivatized using a modified version of the protocol used to create FeihnLib (Kind, Wohlgemuth et al. 2009). Samples are methoximated and silylated with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide and 1% trimethylchlorosilane (MSTFA) to trimethylsilated (TMS) forms. Samples were then analyzed using an Agilent GC 7890A coupled with a single quadrupole MSD 5975C (Agilent Technologies) with a fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) (C8-C28) mixture for RI alignment. The GC oven was held at 60°C for 1 min after injection followed by a temperature increase by 10°C min-1 to a maximum of 325°C and held for 5 min. GC-MS cdf data files were processed using Metabolite Detector software, version 2.5 beta (Hiller, Hangebrauk et al. 2009). Retention indices (RIs) of detected metabolites were calculated based on analysis of the FAMES standard mixture followed by chromatographic deconvolution and alignment. Metabolites were initially identified by matching experimental spectra to an augmented version of FiehnLib (Kind, Wohlgemuth et al. 2009) and validated using NIST 14 GC-MS library. Fragment ions due to trimethylsilylation (that is, m/z 73 and 147) and were excluded from the determination of metabolite abundance. Liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS). Dried samples were resuspended in 80% MeOH and analyzed using a Waters Acquity UPLC H-Class system coupled to a Thermo Qexactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer (scan range of 80 to 800 m/z) with a resolving power of 140 000 fwhm and equipped with a heated electrospray ionization (HESI) probe (260°C). Samples were analyzed in both positive (+ve) and negative (−ve) ionization modes, and Data-dependent Acquisition (DDA) was done on all samples. Reverse Phase (RP) Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Compounds were separated using a Thermo Hypersil GOLD column (2.1 × 150 mm, 3 μm particle size) with a column temperature of 40°C and a flow rate of 400 μL min–1. Mobile phase A (water with 0.1% formic acid) and B (acetonitrile (ACN) with 0.1% formic acid) were initially 90:10, respectively. The gradient method continued as follows: 0–2 min held at 90% A; 2–11 min 10% A; 11–12 min 10% A; 12–12.5 min held at 10% A with an increased flow rate to 500 μL min–1; 12.5-13.5 min at 90% A flow rate at 500 μL min–1; 13.5-14 min at 90% A flow rate at 500 μL min–1 ; 14-14.5 min at 90% A flow rate decrease flow rate to 400 μL min–1; 14.5-15 min held at 90% A. Data-dependent Acquisition (DDA) MS/MS was acquired on all samples. Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC) High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Compounds were separated using a ACQUITY UPLC BEH HILIC column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm particle size) with a column temperature of 50°C and a flow rate of 300 μL min–1. Chromatography was adapted from Clendinen et. al 2019 {10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00926}. Mobile phase A (5% ACN: 95% 10 mM NH4OAc in H2O with 0.05% NH4OH) and B (100% ACN with 0.05% NH4OH) were initially 5% and 95%, respectively at a flow rate of 300 μL min-1. The gradient method continued as follows: 0–6.0 min. 63% A; 7.0–7.1 min 5% A. 7.1-7.2 min. 5% A with an increased flow rate of 500 μL min-1; 7.2–9.5 min held at 5% A. 9.5-9.7 min. 5% A with a decreased flow rate of 300 μL min-1; and 9.7–10.0 min held at 5% A. Thermo Raw files were processed using MZmine 2 {10.1186/1471-2105-11-395} and exported as csv. Metabolites were identified using either Metabolite Detector (GC-MS) or Metabolite Discoverer (LC-MS) (Thermo Fisher https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/mass-spectrometry/liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry-lc-ms/lc-ms-software/multi-omics-data-analysis/compound-discoverer-software.html). Proteins liberated from the MPLEx interface and insoluble pellet were digested with trypsin, fractionated by high pH chromatography and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. A Waters nanoAcquity dual-pumping UPLC system (Milford, MA) was configured for on-line trapping of a 5 µL injection at 5 µL/min for 8 min with reverse-flow elution onto the analytical column at 200 nL/min using mobile phase A. The analytical column contained Waters BEH C18 1.7 um particles (Waters Chromatography, Drinagh, Ireland) slurry-packed in-house into a 25 cm PicoFrit 360µm OD x 75µm ID column (New Objective, Littleton, MA) and held at 50°C during use by a 15 cm AgileSleeve flexible capillary heater (Analytical Sales and Services, Inc., Flanders, NJ). The trapping column contained Jupiter 5um C18 particles (Phenomenex, Torrence, CA) slurry-packed in-house into a 4cm long piece of 360µm OD x 150µm ID fused silica (Polymicro Technologies, Phoenix, AZ) and sol-gel fritted at both ends. Mobile phases consisted of (A) 0.1% formic acid in water and (B) 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile with the following gradient profile (min, %B): 0, 1; 2, 8; 20, 12; 75, 30; 97, 45; 100, 95; 110, 95; 115, 1; 150, 1. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis was performed using an Q Exactive HFX mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific, San Jose, CA) outfitted with a modified Nanospray Flex ion source (Thermo Scientific, San Jose, CA). The ion transfer tube temperature and spray voltage were 325°C and 2.2 kV, respectively. Data were collected for 130 min following a 20 min delay from sample injection. Fourier Transform-MS (FT-MS) spectra were acquired from 300-1800 m/z at a resolution of 60k (AGC target 3e6), and the top 16 FT-HCD-MS/MS spectra were acquired in data dependent mode with an isolation window of 0.7 m/z and at a resolution of 30K (AGC target 2e5) using a normalized collision energy of 30 and a 45 sec exclusion time. 2. Methods for processing the data: Differential expression was determined using the pmartR package {10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00610} in R which implemented the edgeR {10.1093/nar/gkaf018} zero-inflated negative binomial model and Benjamini-Hochberg multiple test correction, with significant differential abundance defined as having a greater than 2-fold change in abundance and an adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05. 3. Environmental/experimental conditions: Soil samples were collected from the Tall Wheatgrass Irrigation Field Trial in Prosser, WA (46°15’04” N and 119°43'43" W) {10.1128/mbio.01758-23}. Soil is classified as Warden silt loam, characterized as a coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, and mesic Xeric Haplocambid. It has low organic matter content and a consistent pH of 8. The litter layer was removed, and sixteen 0-18cm cores samples were collected using a 2” diameter slide hammer corer from bare unirrigated ground. Cores were placed in an aluminum envelope and transported on ice. In the lab, cores were homogenized through a 4mm ethanol-sterilized sieve, rocks and plant debris were removed, and the samples were stored at 4℃. Soil incubations were conducted on 60 grams dry weight (gdw) equivalent of homogenized soil in autoclaved 4oz glass jars. Samples were acclimatized over 7 days, increasing temperature every other day from the 4℃ storage temperature to 30℃ (the average summer soil temperature at the source field site) (Fig 1). The 75% WHC was maintained by daily addition of autoclaved Nanopure water. Drought treatment was initiated by halting further water addition. Moisture loss was monitored by mass measurement. Desiccation (i.e., no change in mass) was achieved after 7 days. Samples were incubated at 30℃ for an additional 1 or 2 weeks past desiccation before rewetting. Samples were rewet by adding autoclaved Nanopure water to 75% WHC, and jars were harvested at 90 minutes post rewetting. Triplicate jars were sacrificed at each sampling point. SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: This work is marked with CC0 1.0: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. The authors do request that you appropriately cite the dataset when referencing or re-using the dataset. 2. Recommended citation for this dataset: Mary S. Lipton, William C. Nelson, Hugh McCullough, Montana L. Smith, Sheryl L. Bell, Lisa M. Bramer, Hyun-Seob Song, Kirsten Hofmockel, 2025. Moisture Metaphenome Incubation Analysis Results. [Data Set] PNNL DataHub. https://doi.org/10.25584/3007775